Ārya Kāraṇḍavyūha Mahāyāna Sūtra Ratnarāja

About Painting in folio 1 (image 004) The first image portrays Buddha Amitabha. Śāriputra and Maudgalyāyana, standing on either side of him. The Buddha is seated upon a diamond throne beneath the Bodhi tree. Buddha Amitābha is portrayed in red color, wearing red robes, with his hands placed in the meditation gesture (dhyāna mudrā). In the background, two hills, two snow-capped mountains, as well as the sun and the moon, are depicted on the adjacent sides. The second image portrays Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, the principal figure described in the Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra. The bodhisattva is shown standing upon a lotus pedestal and is richly adorned with a crown, jewellery, and earrings. He holds a lotus stem in his right hand, while the other hand is displayed in abhaya mudrā. On both sides, two male devotees are seated with one leg crossed, joining their hands in reverence. The bodhisattva is depicted beneath a tree, while the background similarly contains two hills, two snow-capped mountains, and representations of the sun and moon. Pūrṇānanda - his wife Cidhi Thakuṃ, sons Ānandavajra and Jñānavajra, and daughters Śānti Thakuṃ, Lakṣmī Thakuṃ, and Bhao Thakuṃ -commissioned the manuscript in memory of the deceased father Guṇānanda Vajrācārya.